华域联盟 .Net .NET中 关于脏读 不可重复读与幻读的代码示例

.NET中 关于脏读 不可重复读与幻读的代码示例

并发可能产生的三种问题

脏读

定义:A事务执行过程中B事务读取了A事务的修改,但是A事务并没有结束(提交),A事务后来可能成功也可能失败。

比喻:A修改了源代码并且并没有提交到源代码系统,A直接通过QQ将代码发给了B,A后来取消了修改。

代码示例

复制代码 代码如下:

[TestMethod]
         public void 脏读_测试()

         {

             //前置条件

             using (var context = new TestEntities())

             {

                 Assert.AreEqual(1, context.Tables.Count());

             }

             var autoResetEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);

             var transactionOptions1 = new TransactionOptions { IsolationLevel = IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted };

             var transactionOptions2 = new TransactionOptions { IsolationLevel = IsolationLevel.ReadUncommitted };

             using (var ts1 = new TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.Required, transactionOptions1))

             {

                 //添加数据

                 using (var context = new TestEntities())

                 {

                     context.Tables.Add(new Table() { Id = Guid.NewGuid(), Name = "段光伟" });

                     context.SaveChanges();

                 }

                 ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(data =>

                 {

                     using (var ts2 = new TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.Required, transactionOptions2))

                     {

                         //脏读测试

                         using (var context = new TestEntities())

                         {

                             Assert.AreEqual(2, context.Tables.Count());

                         }

                     }

                     autoResetEvent.Set();

                 });

                 autoResetEvent.WaitOne();

             }

             //前置条件

             using (var context = new TestEntities())

             {

                 Assert.AreEqual(1, context.Tables.Count());

             }

         }

不可重复读

定义:A事务读取了两次数据,在这两次的读取过程中B事务修改了数据,A事务的这两次读取出来的数据不一样了(不可重复读)。

比喻:A在做源代码审查,在审查的过程中获取了两次源代码,在这两次获取期间B修改了源代码,B修改的很可能是A审查过的代码,而这部分代码可能不符合规范了。

代码示例

复制代码 代码如下:

[TestMethod]
         public void 不可重复读_测试()

         {

             var autoResetEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);

             var transactionOptions1 = new TransactionOptions { IsolationLevel = IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted };

             var transactionOptions2 = new TransactionOptions { IsolationLevel = IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted };

             using (var ts1 = new TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.Required, transactionOptions1))

             {

                 //前置条件

                 using (var context = new TestEntities())

                 {

                     Assert.AreEqual("李妞妞", context.Tables.First().Name);

                 }

                 ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(data =>

                 {

                     using (var ts2 = new TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.Required, transactionOptions2))

                     {

                         //修改数据

                         using (var context = new TestEntities())

                         {

                             context.Tables.First().Name = "段光伟";

                             context.SaveChanges();

                         }

                         ts2.Complete();   

                     }

                     autoResetEvent.Set();

                 });

                 autoResetEvent.WaitOne();

                 //不可重复读测试

                 using (var context = new TestEntities())

                 {

                     Assert.AreEqual("段光伟", context.Tables.First().Name);

                 }

             }

         }

幻读

定义:A事务读取了两次数据,在这两次的读取过程中B事务添加了数据,A事务的这两次读取出来的集合不一样了(幻读)。

比喻:A在统计文件数据,为了统计精确A统计了两次,在这两次的统计过程中B添加了一个文件,A发现这两次统计的数量不一样(幻读),A会感觉自己的脑袋有点头疼。

代码示例

复制代码 代码如下:

[TestMethod]
         public void 幻读_测试()

         {

             var autoResetEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);

             var transactionOptions1 = new TransactionOptions { IsolationLevel = IsolationLevel.RepeatableRead };

             var transactionOptions2 = new TransactionOptions { IsolationLevel = IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted };

             using (var ts1 = new TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.Required, transactionOptions1))

             {

                 //前置条件

                 using (var context = new TestEntities())

                 {

                     Assert.AreEqual(1, context.Tables.Count());

                 }

                 ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(data =>

                 {

                     using (var ts2 = new TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.Required, transactionOptions2))

                     {

                         //添加数据

                         using (var context = new TestEntities())

                         {

                             context.Tables.Add(new Table() { Id = Guid.NewGuid(), Name = "段光伟" });

                             context.SaveChanges();

                         }

                         ts2.Complete();

                     }

                     autoResetEvent.Set();

                 });

                 autoResetEvent.WaitOne();

                 //幻读测试

                 using (var context = new TestEntities())

                 {

                     Assert.AreEqual(2, context.Tables.Count());

                 }

             }

         }

四种隔离级别如何处理并发问题

  脏读 不可重复读 幻读
读未提交 允许 允许 允许
读已提交 不允许 允许 允许
可重复读 不允许 不允许 允许
串行化 不允许 不允许 不允许

本文由 华域联盟 原创撰写:华域联盟 » .NET中 关于脏读 不可重复读与幻读的代码示例

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作者: sterben

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